保护功能成分
水分的影响
单分子层稳定性
单分子层是一个理论概念,由三位物理学家(Stephen Brunauer, Paul Emmett, and Edward Teller)在1938年提出。多孔食品介质相关的理论是这样的:当一个完全干燥的材料被水合时,会有一个水分子覆盖在产品中的每一个颗粒表面的一个类似分子厚度的点。从理论上来讲,当每一个粒子都被水分子覆盖,这就是产品稳定的状态。对于蛋白质含量高的产品,在到达单层之前,大量的水可以被吸收,因为蛋白质有很多皱褶,每单位质量的蛋白质有很多要覆盖的面积。另一方面,结晶糖是一个简单的立方体,几乎没有单位质量的面积可以覆盖。
追踪退化率
优化货架期
参考文献
Nutraceutical Business Review. “Degradation of Vitamins, Probiotics and Other Active Ingredients Caused by Exposure to Heat, Water and Sunlight.” August 7, 2018.
Turkmen, Nazli, Hasitha Priyashantha, and Shishanthi Jayarathna. “Challenges in Probiotic Dairy-based Beverages.” New Food Magazine, October 26, 2019. https://www.newfoodmagazine.com/article/97303/challenges-in-probiotic-dairy-based-beverages/.
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling. “Dietary Reference Intakes: Guiding Principles for Nutrition Labeling and Fortification. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2003.
Shyam S. Sablani, K. Al-Belushi, I. Al-Marhubi & R. Al-Belushi (2007) evaluating Stability of Vitamin C in Fortified Formula Using Water Activity and Glass Transition, International Journal of Food Properties, 10:1, 61-71, DOI: 10.1080/10942910600717284
Lavelli, Vera, Bruno Zanoni, and Anna Zaniboni. “Effect of water activity on carotenoid degradation in dehydrated carrots.” Food Chemistry, Volume 104, Issue 4: 2007. Pages 1705-1711.